Analog carrier Digital carrier ↙ ↘ ↙ ↘ Analog data Digital data Analog data Digital data ↙ ↓ ↘ ↙ ↓ ↓ ↘ ↙ ↓ ↘ ↓ AM FM PM ASK FSK PSK QAM PAM PWM PPM PCM Carrier Carrier Carrier Carrier Carrier Carrier Carrier Pulse Pulse Pulse Pulse amplitude frequency phase amplitude frequency phase a m p l i t u d e & p h a s e amplitude w i d t h p o s i t i o n c o d i n g ⏞ Modulation {\displaystyle \overbrace {\begin{matrix}&&{\text{Analog carrier}}&&&&&&&{\text{Digital carrier}}&\\&\swarrow &&\searrow &&&&&\swarrow &&\searrow \\&{\text{Analog data}}&&&{\text{Digital}}&{\text{data}}&&&{\text{Analog data}}&&{\text{Digital data}}\\\swarrow &\downarrow &\searrow &\swarrow &\downarrow &\downarrow &\searrow &\swarrow &\downarrow &\searrow &\downarrow \\{\text{AM}}&{\text{FM}}&{\text{PM}}&{\text{ASK}}&{\text{FSK}}&{\text{PSK}}&{\text{QAM}}&{\text{PAM}}&{\text{PWM}}&{\text{PPM}}&{\text{PCM}}\\{\text{Carrier}}&{\text{Carrier}}&{\text{Carrier}}&{\text{Carrier}}&{\text{Carrier}}&{\text{Carrier}}&{\text{Carrier}}&{\text{Pulse}}&{\text{Pulse}}&{\text{Pulse}}&{\text{Pulse}}\\{\text{amplitude}}&{\text{frequency}}&{\text{phase}}&{\text{amplitude}}&{\text{frequency}}&{\text{phase}}&litude\&phase&{\text{amplitude}}&width&position&coding\end{matrix}} ^{\text{Modulation}}}